Reading the numbers
How to read the lab numbers
A sink, thumb, flame, or ant test will not show whether honey is pure. A lab report measures syrup signals, heat and moisture.
- C3/C4
- What it checks: added cane, corn or rice syrup
- HMF
- What it means: a heat and age marker
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C3/C4 sugar screening
Isotope screening looks for cane, corn, rice, and beet syrup. That test tells you more than a sink, thumb, flame, or ant test.
HMF and moisture
| Measure | What a good result looks like | What it indicates |
|---|---|---|
| HMF | HMF under 80 mg/kg (FSSAI limit for honey) | Heat and ageing marker |
| Moisture | Moisture under 20% (FSSAI limit) | Water content and storage stability |
| C3/C4 | C4 sugars under 7% (the AOAC 998.12 cut-off) | Common added-syrup screening |
Frequently asked questions
What does a C3/C4 test check?
It screens isotope patterns associated with common cane, corn, rice, and beet syrup adulteration.
What is HMF?
HMF is a compound used as a marker of heat exposure and ageing in honey.
Does Wholly Forest claim NMR testing?
No. Wholly Forest does not claim NMR testing.
Can a home test prove honey purity?
No. Sink, thumb, flame, and ant tests are not substitutes for laboratory analysis.